- σοφία
- σοφία, [dialect] Ion. -ιη, ἡ, prop.A cleverness or skill in handicraft and art, as in carpentry, τέκτονος, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ ς. Il.15.412; of the Telchines, Pi.O.7.53; ἡ ἔντεχνος ς., of Hephaestus and Athena, Pl.Prt.32 1d; of Daedalus and Palamedes, X.Mem.4.2.33, cf. 1.4.2; in music and singing, τέχνῃ καὶ ς. h.Merc.483, cf. 511; in poetry, Sol.13.52, Pi.O.1.117, Ar.Ra.882, X.An.1.2.8, etc.; in driving, Pl. Thg.123c; in medicine or surgery, Pi.P.3.54; in divination, S.OT 502 (lyr.);
δυσθανατῶν ὑπὸ σοφίας εἰς γῆρας ἀφίκετο Pl.R.406b
; σ. δημηγορική, δικανική, ib.365d; ἡ περὶ Ὁμήρου ς. Id.Ion 542a;οὐ σοφίᾳ ἀλλὰ φύσει ποιεῖν Id.Ap.22b
;σημαίνοντες τὴν ς . . ., ὅτι ἀρετὴ τέχνης ἐστίν Arist.EN1141a12
: rare in pl., Pi.O.9.107, Ar.Ra.676 (lyr.), IG12.522 (vase, v B.C.).2 skill in matters of common life. sound judgement, intelligence, practical wisdom, etc., such as was attributed to the seven sages, like φρόνησις, Thgn.790,876,1074, Hdt.1.30,60; ἡ τῶν δεινῶν ς., opp.ἀμαθία, Pl.Prt.360d; τὴν τότε καλουμένην σ., οὖσαν δὲδεινότητα πολιτικὴν καὶ δραστήριον σύνεσιν Plu.Them.2
; also, cunning, shrewdness, craft, Hdt.1.68, etc.; τὸ λοιδορῆς αι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ ς. Pi.O. 9.38.3 learning, wisdom,μείζω τινὰ ἢ κατ' ἄνθρωπον σοφίαν σοφοί Pl.Ap.20e
; opp. ἀμαθία, ib.22e; freq. in E., e.g.μόρσιμα . . οὐ σοφίᾳ τις ἀπώσεται Heracl.615
(lyr.); τὸ σοφὸν οὐ σοφία (v.σοφός 1.3
) Ba.395 (lyr.), etc.; freq. in Arist., speculative wisdom, EN 1141a19, Metaph. 982a2, 995b12 (pl.), 1059a18; defined as θείων τε καὶ ἀνθρωπίνων ἐπιστήμη, Stoic.2.15; but also of natural philosophy and mathematics,σ. τις καὶ ἡ φυσική Arist.Metaph.1005b1
, cf. 1061b33.4 among the Jews,ἀρχὴ σοφίας φόβος Κυρίου LXX Pr.1.7
, cf. Jb.28.28, al.; Σοφία, recognized first as an attribute of God, was later identified with the Spirit of God, cf. LXX Pr.8 with Si.24sq.5 later as a title, ἡ ὑμετέρα, ἡ ὑμῶν ς., POxy.1165.6, PSI7.790.14 (both vi A.D.).
Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό). 2014.